Tahir Abbas and Behruz Davletov contrast the historical situation of Jews in the Ottoman Empire with contemporary stereotypes in Turkey. The essay starts with a brief history of the Jewish community from the emergence of the Ottoman Empire to its decline. It moves then on to the founding of the Turkish Republic and its impact on the Jewish communities in Turkey, concluding with some observations about Turkish antisemitism and the way it informs the lingering issues Jewish communities face in Turkey today.