ABSTRACT
Although In vitro-in vivo correlation and ex vivo lung and nasal models provides a robust rationale for predicting pharmacokinetic parameters for pulmonary delivered drugs, it is still in infancy. Enhancement in the activity of the drug, increased solubility of the drug, increased encapsulation efficiency of the delivery system due to different modifications in nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery system has developed a strong perspective to enhance and alter the release profile of the drug. Due to its multiple advantages, usage of the pulmonary route is favorable, elimination of first-pass effect and the large surface area provides a faster absorption of drugs. Additionally, the vast technological development in the design of delivery systems, better understanding of drug design related parameters such as particle size, charge on particle or surface presence of proteins or ligands, can help in maximizing the therapeutic advantages of these systems in treatment of various lung diseases by using pulmonary delivery as a major route.In order to harmonize the development, regulatory bodies such as the US FDA, USP, and researchershave devoted much attention to developing and introducing appropriate test methods. However, in spite of Nanoparticulate systems being considered efficient and safe for pulmonary drug delivery, there is still further need for investigation of their action across the pulmonary barrier and the immunological characterization.
