ABSTRACT
In a remote forest live two species of highly territorial birds, a more agressive species of hawk and a less agressive species of dove. When two birds meet, they compete over a territory, and their behaviors are determined by which of the two species they belong to. We assign scores in this competition in a way that models how likely a bird is to survive the season and reproduce. When a hawk meets a dove, the dove flees and the hawk wins the territory. Consequently, we award the hawk 10 fitness points and award 0 to the dove. When two doves meet, they both initially flee. However, seeing the territory empty, one of the doves inevitably returns and successfully occupies it. To model this, we award each of the doves 5 points, indicating that on average each dove has a 50% chance of earning 10 fitness points for occupying the territory. Finally, when a hawk meets a hawk, the fight that ensues is likely to injure both birds. These injuries are so severe that we award each of the hawks −10 points.
