ABSTRACT
The Presidential Policy Directive-8 is the nation's guiding document for addressing hazard and threats to the nation's security, such as, asymmetrical terrorist attacks, natural disasters, and technological mishaps. The document outlines a system for how the United States will build a more secure and resilient nation. Disaster preparedness and emergency management are fairly new professional and academic domains. The National Preparedness Goal informs that preparedness is a shared responsibility, but regardless of the directive or policy, emergency management is primarily a hierarchical model as opposed to the collaborative endeavours reminiscent of a campfire get together that some empirical literature might purport in studies. A national preparedness report from subordinate jurisdictional governments containing a vulnerability assessment of the community's condition and potential exposure must be used by the federal government to ensure the weaknesses are collaboratively managed with the help and resources of all parties.
