ABSTRACT
Developments in chemical monitoring have provided the neuroscientist with a power ful toolbox for investigating biological mechanisms of drug addiction. Indeed, by sampling time-dependent changes in neurotransmitters in situ, these techniques have contributed prominently to our understanding of the neural substrates of
3.1 Introduction and Scope ...................................................................................99 3.2 Principles of Voltammetry and Microdialysis .............................................. 100
3.2.1 General Principles ............................................................................ 101 3.2.2 Historical Perspective ....................................................................... 103
3.3 Recent Advances in Voltammetry ................................................................ 105 3.3.1 Technical Aspects ............................................................................. 105 3.3.2 General Comparisons ....................................................................... 108 3.3.3 Applications ...................................................................................... 111
3.4 Recent Advances in Microdialysis ............................................................... 115 3.4.1 Capillary Liquid Chromatography ................................................... 117 3.4.2 Capillary Electrophoresis ................................................................. 118 3.4.3 Laser-Induced Fluorescence ............................................................. 118 3.4.4 Mass Spectrometry ........................................................................... 119 3.4.5 New Probes ....................................................................................... 121
3.5 Recent Advances in Biosensors .................................................................... 121 3.6 Concluding Remarks ....................................................................................124 Acknowledgments .................................................................................................. 126 References .............................................................................................................. 126
goal-directed behavior and how drugs of abuse alter the functioning of these neural systems and ultimately cause addiction. Historically, chemical monitoring in the central nervous system has been dominated by voltammetry and microdialysis. Fundamentally different in analytical strategy, voltammetry and microdialysis bring distinct strengths and weaknesses to neurotransmitter measurements.
