ABSTRACT
John Leighton Stuart believed that Yenching University had come into existence as an integral part of the missionary enterprise, in order to provide educational facilities for the children of church members and perhaps even more for training church workers. He never denied that Yenching should contribute to missionary service, but he also granted religious freedom to Yenching students, which made him an outstanding representative of American modernist missionaries. The Anti-Christian Movement forced Stuart to adopt a pragmatic approach and launch thorough reforms on Yenching, but the reforms, in their turn, exposed the Yenching President to more and more criticisms and attacks from the conservative camp in the US. Frank Joseph Rawlinson believed that missionaries should not hasten to refute the Chinese intellectuals' attacks on Christianity, but reflect over how their religion could enrich Chinese people's life more than any other religion or philosophy.
