The Nuffield O level Chemistry Project had H. F. Halliwell as its Organizer, with a Team drawn, initially, from Chemistry Panel membership. It is pertinent, then, to look briefly at the personal position from which Halliwell approached the Project and which formed the basis — within the context of the Panel's work — for the preliminary discussions that established the framework. The new directions envisaged for school science survives from the early formative period and in it are the germs of many of the ideas incorporated in Nuffield chemistry. Drafted by Halliwell and R. J. Doolan, it starts with a statement of aims: If a science is to have an educational value, its study at school must at least do two things. Give experience in investigating problems and give practice in a critical concern with proposed explanations; and at the same time be not only a self- contained unit for those whose interests and activities will in future lie in other fields.