ABSTRACT
The article presents the results of scientific and experimental research on the strengthening of waterlogged soil on the foundation during the construction of shallow foundations. Efficient implementation of technological operations to strengthen soils is possible only when the moisture content of the treated soil does not exceed the optimal standard compaction, at which the soil is in a semi-solid state, capable of crumbling and compacting. However, in engineering practice, there are often cases when cohesive (clayey), fine sands, sandy loams, loams and other soils are in an overmoistened state, i.e. have moisture content above the optimum. Waterlogged soils cannot be compacted. loosen, and therefore excludes the use of binder materials such as cement, bitumen, silicate mortar and polymer components for their strengthening. Natural drying of waterlogged soils, especially clay ones, occurs very slowly. The currently used artificial methods of drying are ineffective and require large expenditures of money and time. To increase the bearing capacity and reduce the deformation of soil foundations, there are many ways to artificially fix soils. They are divided into physical - strengthening the soil mass with the help of physical fields, mechanical - placing reinforcing elements with high tensile strength in the soil, chemical - improving the properties of soils by injecting special solutions into their thickness. As a result of the analysis of research and practical work in the field of strengthening waterlogged soils, it was found that the most effective treatment of such soils with chemicals that, along with dehydration, can change the physical and chemical properties.It has been established the effectiveness of dehydration and strengthening of waterlogged soil by introducing quicklime through the use of the heat generated (T = 1000C) when interacting with water and their ability to harden due to chemical interaction with the mineral part of the soil. The patterns of change in the duration of dehydration and the state of aggregation of waterlogged soil from the amount of quicklime have been established. It has been proven that the introduction of quicklime in the amount of 20-25% into waterlogged soil radically changes the properties of these soils, enlarges the state of aggregation and creates workability for fixing by cementation, silicification and resinization.
