ABSTRACT
Four methods for the determination of As(III) in urine were developed, validated and applied to real samples using modified screen printed electrodes: Graphene and gold nanoparticles (GH-SPCE; AuNPs-SPCE); and gold modified Boron Doped Diamond (BDDE) and Edge Plane Pyrolytic Graphite (PGE). To obtain sensitive and selective methods, the effects of various parameters such as pH, accumulation potential, and time (Eacc, tacc) were optimized in the presence and absence of urine. The determination of As, in all four cases, was performed by ASV and the following LDs were obtained: 0.28 (GH-SPCE); 42.0 (AuNPs-SPCE / urine) µg/L. Whereas with BDDE and PGE LDs were 2.3 and 13.2 µg/L. Methodologies with GH-SPCE and AuNPs-SPCE/urine electrodes were applied to determine As(III) and As(T) in human urine samples from workers at the arsenic abatement plant. While BDDE and PGE were used to determine the concentration of As(III) in doped urine and water samples, because its reproducibility was low.
