Study of a large opening in a retaining wall by a TBM: Consequences on the ground and the structures, structural reinforcement solutions and impacts on neighboring constructions

This paper analyses the effects of large opening realization on the underground structures and those effects on the neighboring constructions. Firstly, the meaning of a large opening in a retaining wall have been defined and qualified with regard to soil and structural considerations. Secondly, the consequences of the opening on the diaphragm wall/soil interaction have been studied to define a simplified calculation approach adapted to this issue. This study focuses on the breaking through of the TBM and its effects of the station retaining wall in a dense urban context.