ABSTRACT
Hydrogen energy society is regarded as one promising strategy to construct a zero-carbon society without carbon footprint. Low-carbon hydrogen production is the foundation of a future hydrogen society. Biomass is a renewable organic material that stores chemical energy from the sun through the photosynthesis process, which is one of the largest sources for fuel applications. Biomass can be converted to hydrogen energy through various strategies, including biomass-to-hydrogen direct conversion, and biomass-to-carbon conversion for green hydrogen technologies, such as water electrolysis and solar water splitting. Biomass and its derivatives play a critical role in the production of low-carbon hydrogen. In this chapter, the fundamentals and techniques of low-carbon hydrogen production are comprehensively discussed first. Afterwards, we propose and discuss the above two important strategies for low-carbon hydrogen production by featured examples. At last, we list the remaining challenges and explore the future opportunities in this research hotspot.
