ABSTRACT
The development of sustainable carbon materials from biomass (BCMs) is a promising solution. Thus far, BCMs are considered promising electrode materials for various types of electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems. Since the rapid development in this area, it is urgent to thoroughly review and compare the fabrication methods, properties, performances, and applications of BCMs.
This chapter provides an overall overview and detailed discussion of the BCMs, including their various biomass-based precursors (plant, animal, and microorganism), the functionalization carbonization methods (e.g. directly pyrolysis, activation, template method, hydrothermal carbonization, etc.), the structure and morphologies regulation methods (e.g. pore structure, specific morphologies, heteroatom-doping, graphitization degree, etc.), and their applications in various advanced supercapacitors (e.g. high capacitive, high rate, long cycle-life, high/low temperature, flexible, etc.). This chapter can effectively accelerate the further scientific research and development of BCMs.
