The effect of Andrographis paniculata leaf extract on macroscopic and microscopic features of the kidneys in mice (Mus musculus) infected with Salmonella typhi

This study aimed to analyze the macroscopic and microscopic features of the kidneys of mice infected by Salmonella typhi bacteria treated with Andrographis paniculata leaf extract. The treatment groups consisted of control negative (uninfected, untreated mice), control positive (infected, untreated mice), APC₁ (infected, 200mg/kg BW AP), APC₂ (infected, 300mg/kg BW AP), and APC₃ (infected, 400mg/kg BW AP). The results of statistical tests in this study showed there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the body weight of mice, but the relative weight of mice kidney organs did not show a significant difference (p>0.05). The results of the study of the macroscopic features given A. paniculata leaf extract found no abnormalities, such as bleeding spots, in all treatments, while microscopic findings found damage to kidney organ tissue in positive controls, APC₂ and APC₃ in the form of mild tubular necrosis, mild and moderate interstitial nephritis with some bowman's capsules atrophied.