ABSTRACT
Organic material is defined as a series of carbon compounds that originate from living organisms and have been stored on or within the structural components of the earth. Organic matter in soil is distinguished in uncompostable materials such as fresh pine and uncomposed components from old pine, and humus as a result of the transformation of fresh organic material. Humic compounds are irregular, polymerized, brown-to-black organic compound with different solubility: humic acid (AH), fulvate acid (AF), humin, and hematomelanic acid. The presence of humus compounds in the soil in the form of insoluble macromolecular complexes, macro-molecule complexes bound together with Ca2+, Fe3+, and Al3+ and combinations with platinum minerals, hydrogen bridges or van der Waals with cations. Humic compounds in the soil are formed through lignin modification, quinon fusion and sugar-amine condensation. The result of the fractionation of organic material will be obtained humic acid, fulvate acid, humin and hematomelanin acid. Humic acid is characterized by lower levels of carboxyl group than fulfate acid. Humate compounds have broad roles in agriculture, industry, and health.
