ABSTRACT
Settlement of immersed tunnels is traditionally monitored by survey and measuring bolts. With these bolts, the deformation behavior of the tunnel is not fully captured. In particular, daily and seasonal trends are not captured. However, some long-term trends are recognized over all tunnels. With the development towards continuous monitoring, more effects become observable, such as the daily movement due to temperature- and tidal changes. These effects have a different impact for each individual tunnel, given variations in construction and geology. Therefore, each tunnel needs to be evaluated individually.
