ABSTRACT
Construction and maintenance of underground structures in swelling rocks, such as the shale prevalent in Östersund, Sweden, present some unique geotechnical challenges. Three critical issues are associated with such environments: acid generation, swelling rock, and rock weathering, leading to a loss of the integrity of the rock material over time. The research aims to identify challenges and applicable techniques to manage the construction in swelling shales, ultimately improving the construction in rock. The article discusses the global prevalence of swelling shales and their varying properties, particularly how exposure to air and water causes damaging swelling in contact with nearby structures. To mitigate swelling, key aspects have been identified and discussed for the investigation, design, and construction phase of a project. Adaptations of the design are important for the successful project, drastically improving the safety and service life of structures in contact with swelling shales.
