ABSTRACT
This study evaluates the effectiveness of policies implemented to prevent abrasion and promote coastal community development in Ketapang Village. The village has experienced severe land loss due to abrasion, with 23.35 hectares lost in 2015 and 44.75 hectares in 2019. Despite being close to abundant biological resources, the coastal community faces economic hardship, evident from the insufficient infrastructure supporting economic development. The study employed field observations, informant selection, and analysis based on the effectiveness theory. The findings indicate that the policies have not been fully effective. Countermeasures were implemented far from the actual abrasion points, replacement houses for affected communities are significantly smaller, and economic empowerment programs have failed to increase community income meaningfully. However, some elements show effectiveness: the right implementer (government and private sector with community involvement), the right target (aligned with planning), the right environment (adequately supported internally), and the right process (executed according to established procedures). Overall, the policies have not delivered the intended outcomes. Greater attention from stakeholders and the Ketapang Village community is needed to improve environmental initiatives' planning, implementation, and supervision in coastal areas.
