ABSTRACT
This study investigates the benefits and potential side effects of wet cupping (Hijama) therapy, a traditional practice historically used for pain and disease management, and its alignment with global healthcare objectives, including Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being). A systematic literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar identified 657 articles, with 31 meeting the inclusion criteria. Findings reveal significant health benefits, including reductions in systolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, and renal function parameters. Lipid profiles showed improvements with decreased plasma triglycerides, LDL, and total cholesterol levels alongside elevated HDL levels. Wet cupping also demonstrated notable pain relief, as evidenced by reductions in Visual Analogue Score (VAS) for migraines, back, shoulder, neck, and osteoarthritis pain, resulting in enhanced quality of life. Additionally, recent studies highlight its efficacy in managing conditions such as viral hepatitis, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and pancreatitis. The study concludes that wet cupping is a safe, minimally invasive procedure with minimal side effects, supporting its integration into modern complementary medicine and contributing to global healthcare initiatives aligned with SDG 3.
