ABSTRACT
Community participation and empowerment have positively contributed to achieving development goals. Better engagement between citizens and government through an increase in ownership, participation, and reciprocal action, particularly in the rural water and sanitation sector has been implemented since 2008, which has led to greater achievements in access and service delivery in Indonesia. This paper will elaborate on the transformation in the development of policy and practice in the rural water supply and sanitation sector from Community Demand-Driven (CDD) approach to citizen engagement approach to further define citizen engagement in this sector. Taking into consideration that sustainable service delivery of water and sanitation does not only refer to quantity of access but also quality, continuity, affordability, and environmental protection, through elaborating the works of two mainstreamed government programmes namely Community-Based Water Supply and Sanitation Programme (Pamsimas and Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM), this paper will elaborate on how citizens’ engagement could lead to sustained service delivery of rural water supply and sanitation in rural Indonesia.
