ABSTRACT
Parents play an important role in supporting the education of students in the school. This study aims to develop a conceptual constructs on the effect of parental involvement on student’s academic achievement through basic needs satisfaction and school engagement. The study was based on two preliminary studies in grades 4–6 elementary school students in Bandung, Indonesia. Study 1 (N = 350) was conducted to examine the effect of parental involvement on school engagement and academic achievement. Using structural equation modelling, the result indicated that parental involvement affected academic achievement, with school engagement as a mediator fit with the data (chi-square = 21.52, degree of freedom = 14, p = 0.089, root mean square error of approximation = 0.039). There was a positive and significant effect of parental involvement in academic achievement through school engagement, but parental involvement had a negative effect on academic achievement. Study 2 (N = 231) tested the effect of parental involvement on basic needs satisfaction which consist of a need for autonomy, need for competence, and the need for relatedness. This research indicated that parental involvement significantly influenced basic needs satisfaction (F = 3.422, p = 0.018). The model constructed was based on preliminary studies and will be examined in future research.
