Academic Freedoms in Modern Russia “Dawn” and “Dusk” of the Higher School of Economics

Intellectual rights derive from the freedom of creativity, established by Article 44 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. In its second chapter, this article proclaims that everyone (regardless of citizenship) is guaranteed freedom of literary, artistic, scientific, technical, and other types of creativity and teaching. The same article provides the constitutional foundations for protecting intellectual property in the Russian Federation. ² The following aspects of intellectual rights and freedoms are subject to consideration within the framework of this article.