ABSTRACT
The growth of trade between Asia and the rest of the world has always been of interest to economic historians, but more recently the growth of intra-Asian trade, or trade within Asia, has emerged as a major focus of interest. In the last half of the eighteenth century the British East India Company continued this process when it began to supply India and South East Asia with European copper. Masami Kita here explains how Japan turned to Glasgow in the late nineteenth century, to acquire the skills and education needed to establish this industry, at the same time acquiring a new work ethic. Katsuhiko Kitagawa here outlines the treaty agreements which allowed Japan to sell cotton to mine workers and cash-crop growers in the Congo Basin. The challenges of EML driver-IC design are high-speed operation and good linearity to support PAM-4 application, as well as low power consumption.
