ABSTRACT
In the early 1990s, European banks seemed to be in big trouble. The creation of the European Single Market in 1992, the collapse of the European Monetary System, the economic slowdown, the deregulation in financial markets and the emergence of new competitors were factors that created a sense of uncertainty – in some cases, even panic – among many European banks. However, most banks have survived, banking restructuring has been implemented in several countries and most banks are in a stronger position than in the early 1990s.
