ABSTRACT
This chapter sums up the implications and insights from this book for broader debates concerning studies of Europeanization and EU policy implementation, policy process assessments and climate and energy policy and transition studies. First, we add new elements to the understanding of Europeanization – in particular by showing that taking account of the temporality of the Europeanization process, gives a deeper understanding of how the European environment create differences as well as similarities across countries. Second, by examining the interaction between public and private actors within organizational fields, we capture important nuances relating to how corporate actors influence policy development. Third, we specify under which conditions political actors and political dynamics can influence domestic policy developments independently of what goes on in adjacent fields. Political fields are not only important in brief moments of ‘punctuated equilibrium’ or ‘critical junctures’, but they may be important over long stretches of time and underpin stability as well as change within a policy area. Finally, we specify the crucial role of political and cultural factors in climate and energy-transition processes.
