ABSTRACT
Maize is at the center of agricultural transformations globally and has had profound consequences on biodiversity and ecosystem services, agricultural systems, and diets. This chapter highlights four True Cost Accounting applications undertaken in very different maize systems in Mexico, the USA, Malawi, and Zambia. An assessment of maize by colleagues at the National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity in Mexico reveals the importance of smallholder agricultural systems for agricultural biodiversity.
