Nonhuman Presence and Ontological Instability in Twenty-First-Century New York Fiction

This article explores ontological instability in three contemporary New York novels. Drawing on Brian McHale's Postmodernist Fiction and on the concept of the fold as developed by Gilles Deleuze, it examines Teju Cole's Open City (2011), Jonathan Lethem's Chronic City (2009), and Ben Lerner's 10:04 (2014) and looks, in particular, at how occurrences of nonhuman presence and menacing weather conditions threaten the ontological stability of the narrated storyworld.