ABSTRACT
Fishes in aquaculture face several potential challenges that may affect their welfare. These challenges may be ethological (spatial, social, reproductive, feeding), physiological (homeostasis and health issues including disease and parasites), environmental (water quality and characteristics, light, complexity), and human-induced (operations and routines, stunning, and slaughter). We review the major issues that affect the welfare of each of the main aquaculture fish systems used for farming fishes. Given the plethora of welfare challenges, we propose that the species chosen for farming should have an amenable life history and behavioural profile that make them suitable for farming conditions.
