ABSTRACT
Gamification can be fruitfully understood as an imposition of game reasons in domains that ordinarily lack such reasons. When agents act in response to game reasons rather than the reasons that ordinarily govern behavior in the relevant domain, they are manipulated. Gamification is, then, a form of manipulation. Moreover, manipulation can be understood as a form of domination. In making the argument from gamification to manipulation to domination, the chapter presents and defends a norm-based account of manipulation and introduces a type of domination – interactive domination – that differs from the structural domination articulated by republican theories of political liberty.
