ABSTRACT
This chapter uses a transnational and long-term perspective to analyze Portuguese emigration to South America, mainly to the Southern Cone, exploring how emigration has been used as a tool to expand Portuguese post-national citizenship. Post-national citizenship has been achieved through the development of different engagement policies including nationality, specific agreements to assist nationals abroad, the expansion of voting rights abroad along with diaspora representation in the Parliament and a renewal of interest in the return of emigrants or their investment to their country of origin. These transnational and long-term perspectives allow for a revised interpretation of Portuguese migration and put emigration back on the Portuguese political agenda.
