ABSTRACT
This chapter draws attention to the intricacy of measuring performance and results in the context of decentralization reforms. It explores types and core areas of decentralization monitoring and evaluation (M&E), before turning to decentralizing countries’ own M&E efforts. The chapter presents six specific dimensions needed for the setup of comprehensive M&E systems. Findings and limitations of evaluations and studies conducted by development partners are discussed in complementary fashion. Another emphasis is on accountability mechanisms. They are of double interest: first, because of their complex interdependence with decentralization; and second, as dedicated, functionally limited mechanisms in their own right that can contribute to the wider M&E effort.
