ABSTRACT
This contribution discusses the reasons why Djibouti has become an important migratory crossroads in the Red Sea basin, a setting for South-South Migration linking the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. The chapter examines the Ethiopian migration context, highlighting the role of various periods of political crisis, unfavorable economic conditions, and ongoing demographic, educational, and socio-economic transitions. Secondly, it examines the micro-individual factors that affect the migration dynamics, such as intermediary economic opportunities and the social networks and networks of smugglers present in Djibouti and beyond in the Arabian Peninsula. Thirdly, it examines the characteristics of the migrants concerned, and the types of migration in which they are involved, based on the results of three field surveys. Two types of migration emerge from this study, a circular migration whose stages take place between Ethiopia and Djibouti, and a transit migration whose final destination is on the other coast of the Gulf of Aden. The chapter ends with an analysis of the challenges posed by migration, the issues at stake, and their political management, a type of management particularly influenced by the European Union, not to say teleguided.
