ABSTRACT
In February 2014, Ukraine became the victim of acts of aggression committed by Russia in a blatant denial of the foundational principle of prohibition of the use of force against sovereignty, political independence and territorial integrity of another State. On 24 February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Today war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide committed during Russia’s war against Ukraine are being investigated by Ukraine and a number of other states, as well as by the International Criminal Court. Whilst international criminal justice has important achievements in addressing genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, progress concerning the crime of aggression has been very limited. This chapter presents Ukrainian efforts to fill existing accountability gap and establish a Special Tribunal with specific jurisdiction over the crime of aggression against Ukraine; as well as the International Centre for the Prosecution of the Crime of Aggression against Ukraine (ICPA) as the first institution with international participation investigating the crime of aggression after WWII.
