ABSTRACT
This study examines India's evolving maritime strategy and its implications for the South China Sea (SCS) and East China Sea (ECS) in the context of China's naval modernization. Traditionally preoccupied with land-based threats, India has gradually expanded its naval focus from coastal defense to the broader Indo-Pacific, culminating in active engagement in the SCS and ECS. The research highlights how India's maritime doctrine, blue-water navy ambitions, and undersea deterrent development reflect both its economic interests—given vital trade routes—and its strategic intent to counterbalance China's growing presence. By engaging with Southeast Asian partners, supporting international maritime law, and enhancing naval capabilities, India positions itself as a critical player in shaping regional security dynamics. The findings suggest that India's rise at sea is not merely reactive but strategic, aimed at building parity with China while reinforcing regional stability amid intensifying Indo-Pacific rivalries.
