ABSTRACT
In response to the global threat of climate change and the international obligations cast on nations to address the problem in a cooperative manner, India is implementing an ambitious climate plan. The plan prioritises clean energy expansion in the medium term and seeks to achieve a net-zero economy in the long term. The policy has created a potential for green growth at home and won international acclaim. However, the continued neglect of the historical responsibility principle in international climate discourse, the use of aggressive trade instruments, and the absence of international climate finance may impede efforts by developing countries like India. On the domestic front, India has registered remarkable success in renewable energy expansion but is faced with issues of systemic energy transition, including those related to finance and technology. A long-term, low-emissions transition must be just and inclusive for all to be sustainable. Widespread vulnerability, inadequate climate resilience, and lack of finance weaken the impact of adaptation efforts. A considered strategy to raise climate finance is essential to support India’s climate efforts. The chapter contextualises India’s response to climate change in this background and highlights hits and misses in implementing its climate policy.
