Social movement theory identifies the framing of issues, the construction of identities, the mobilization of resources and the galvanization of networks as key features of movements. Green movements are theorized as exemplars of new social movements, and there is a large literature that explores such dynamics of contentious politics. Green transformations involve challenges to investment and infrastructure, practices and power relations that involve both private and public sector actors, and extend up to global scales. In building green transformations, vital sources of energy, imagination, knowledge, experience and practice lie in citizen action and mobilization. Mobilizations have vital roles to play in the politics of green transformations. People see mobilizations linked to a wide range of framings, subjectivities, values and identities. They are engaged with political processes across a spectrum from overt contestation of structures of power through more subtle negotiations with the state and international agencies, through to withdrawal from dominant regimes to demonstrate alternative ways of living.