ABSTRACT
Bismillahirrohmanirrohim, Freedom!!! Brothers of the poor throughout Indonesia, especially brother residents of Surabaya… In past battles we have shown that the Indonesian people of Surabaya – youths who come from Maluku, youths who come from Sulawesi, youths who come from Bali, youths who come from Kalimantan, youths who come from all Sumatra, youths from Aceh, youths from Tapanuli, and all the Indonesian young people who are in this city of Surabaya; each with their own troops; together with the people’s forces formed in the kampungs – we have demonstrated a defence that cannot be penetrated; have shown such strength that they are out-flanked everywhere. Only because of their own deceitful tactics, brothers, by bringing the president and other leaders here to Surabaya; so we agreed to stop fighting. But… This is our answer. This is the answer of the people of Surabaya. This is the answer of the Indonesian youth to you all As long as the blood of Indonesian bulls still runs red, so that it makes a white sheet red and white, so long will we refuse to surrender to anyone. From a radio speech by Sutomo aka Bung Tomo in Surabaya, 10 November 19452
