ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses orbit measurement, steering magnets, and the determination of orbit target. The main focus is the Singular value decomposition-based method for orbit and trajectory correction. The path of the beam through an accelerator lattice may be called the orbit Closed-orbit or the trajectory. Trajectory In circular accelerators, there exists a closed beam path, which is called the orbit. Orbit correctors are used to steer the beam orbit toward the desired target orbit or trajectory. An orbit corrector can be a standalone magnet, a set of wires on a multi-purpose magnet, or trim coils on a main dipole magnet. Orbit correction can also be achieved by modifying the setpoint of the main dipoles. For orbit correction, a target orbit given in terms of Beam position monitor readings is needed. The design orbit would be the natural choice for the target orbit. The goal of orbit correction is to steer the beam orbit with correctors toward the target orbit.
