ABSTRACT
Water electrolysis is an electrochemical process in which hydrogen can be produced by using renewable power. It is essential for a hydrogen economy with zero carbon emission, especially for the hard-to-abate industrial sectors. Green hydrogen has huge potential markets, and many countries have set goals and strategies to develop water electrolysis technology, aiming to achieve mass production of low-cost electrolyzers that are reliable and durable under renewable power conditions, and can meet the industrial demand for green hydrogen production with a cost below US$1/kgH2 in near future. R&D activities on water electrolysis technology have been accelerated, and significant progress has been made in recent years. In this chapter, the background, current status, challenges, and development trends of the main water electrolysis technologies are summarized.
