ABSTRACT
This chapter examines how generative AI (GenAI) contributes to the adversarial shift in online terrorist and violent extremist (TVE) activities, transforming both the offensive capabilities and defensive requirements in online counterterrorism. It explores how GenAI video and audio creation tools and synthetic media capabilities allow TVE entities to disseminate radicalising and instructional content, glorify attack perpetrators and repurpose propaganda. The analysis then examines how the rise of these GenAI tools challenges traditional content moderation methods, particularly hash-sharing solutions. The chapter concludes by highlighting three crucial defensive strategies: proactive content moderation, leveraging AI-driven tools, and automated threat intelligence analysis.
