ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the electrification of vehicles as a cornerstone of sustainable mobility, focusing on advances in electric vehicle (EV) technologies, charging infrastructure, and the environmental benefits of transitioning to electric transportation. Vehicle electrification is defined as the process of replacing conventional energy systems with electric-powered solutions, encompassing both propulsion and auxiliary systems. The degree of electrification varies across vehicle types, from partially electrified hybrids to fully electric battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs).
The chapter discusses technological advancements in electric drivetrains, battery energy storage systems (BESSs), and auxiliary electrification, highlighting their roles in improving vehicle efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A detailed market analysis of EU passenger cars reveals trends in vehicle weight, energy consumption, and the penetration of electrified vehicles. While BEVs and plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) have gained significant market share, challenges remain, including the weight and energy inefficiency of larger electric vehicles, which undermine their environmental benefits.
Charging infrastructure development is examined as a critical enabler for EV adoption, with emphasis on fast-charging networks, bidirectional vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies, and renewable energy integration. By analysing these trends and challenges, the chapter underscores the potential of electrified vehicles to drive the decarbonization of the transportation sector and the importance of aligning electrification strategies with broader energy transition goals.
