ABSTRACT
Offshore wind turbines, vital for marine renewable energy, face cyclic loads from wind and waves, especially on uneven seabeds. Monopiles, favored for their simplicity and cost-effectiveness, are analyzed in this study using PLAXIS 3D to simulate behavior under cyclic loading on varying slopes (Flat, 1V:5H, 1V:2.5H) and pile positions (0–7.5 Dp). A one-way cyclic load (0.25 Hz, ~1000 cycles) is applied with 55% relative soil density and an eccentricity ratio (e/Dp) of 12. The HS Small model captures soil stiffness. Results highlight reduced stiffness and increase accumulated rotation for piles on sloping ground, emphasizing the impact of slope and pile position on cyclic performance.
