Conclusion

This concluding chapter synthesizes the outcomes of the Euro-MIC COST Action CA20130, charting a path toward integrated and sustainable management of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). It highlights the transition from fragmented investigations to an interdisciplinary framework that unites microbiology, materials science, and engineering practice. Central to this vision is the multiple lines of evidence approach, which combines microbiological, electrochemical, and analytical data to strengthen diagnostic accuracy and guide targeted mitigation. The chapter further emphasizes advances in monitoring, standardization, and education, and proposes future priorities including predictive modeling, biomarker development, and technology integration. By promoting collaboration and harmonization across sectors, it positions MIC research for a proactive, evidence-based, and environmentally responsible future.