ABSTRACT
Ever since its discovery, the neutrino’s behaviour has been out of the ordinary. In contrast to the common way of discovering new particles, i.e. in experiments, the neutrino was first postulated theoretically. The history of the neutrino began with the investigation of β-decay. The principal idea of the Goldhaber experiment in 1957 was that the neutrino helicity could be determined under special circumstances by a measurement of the polarization of photons in electron capture reactions. The momenta of these photons are still antiparallel to the neutrino momentum. The observation of neutrinos from a supernova type-II explosion by large underground neutrino detectors was one of the great observations in last century’s astrophysics. About 25 neutrino events were observed within a time interval of 20 s. This was the first neutrino detection originating from an astrophysical source besides the Sun. The low energy process of coherent neutrino-scattering on nuclei was observed by the Coherent experiment.
