ABSTRACT
Before exploring the intrinsic properties of neutrinos, this chapter discusses how neutrinos can be used for measuring other important physical quantities. They allow a precise determination of various electroweak parameters and can be used to probe the structure of the nucleon via neutrino–nucleon scattering, which is a special case of lepton–nucleon scattering. Instead of using the neutrinos from the decay of secondary mesons, there are two more ideas for getting a pure flavour beam. The first option is using muon decay within a storage ring. The idea is to collect the associated muons from pion decays and put them, after some acceleration, into a storage ring (“neutrino factory”). In deep inelastic lepton–nucleon scattering, leptons are used as point-like probes of nucleon structure. Reactions, especially those focusing on weak interaction properties, are done with neutrinos. The chapter investigates neutrino properties especially in the case of non-vanishing neutrino masses.
