ABSTRACT
Cements and other cementitious materials are commonly used in vibro concrete column construction are very caustic and need to be included in the risk assessment and enforcement of safe working conditions on-site. The general application of the vibro concrete column method for a specific project to be executed in water-bearing soils follows the same rules of applications as any concrete pile foundation in such circumstances, and the choice of specific cements may have to be observed. In the majority of applications, the vibro compaction and vibro replacement methods have, besides any economical consideration, considerable environmental advantages over other foundation methods. Most countries have issued national laws or regulations for noise emission of construction sites to protect residents living in the vicinity. Vibration nuisance is measured by the peak particle velocity of the shear waves emanating from the depth vibrator where potential damage to structures in the vicinity of the compaction works is concerned.
