Axioms and Atoms

In order to discuss certain subjects of interest in Nature I have to briefly introduce a very few words and concepts from science. Namely, we need to be slightly familiar with one of the most important patterns in Nature ever discovered, the Periodic Table, cf., Figure 11.1, on page 253. ¹ Don’t worry, I am not going to do any serious chemistry. All we are going to do is learn to count atoms, and a couple of their parts. Along the way we will study fundamental patterns of counting!