ABSTRACT
Populations are formed by groups of individuals of the same species that live in a certain place so that they can breed with one another. The total of populations living in one place is called biological community. The ecological niche is an important concept of theoretical ecology. It represents the space of a population’s ecological activity, i.e. the natural space where it lives, its trophic and other relationships with the rest of the organisms, its place in relation to the environmental grading of the physicochemical factors, and the modifications it causes to the environmental conditions. The growth of a population is affected both by its internal forces and external factors. Population dynamics is a mathematical branch of ecology that uses various simple or complex models. Mathematical analysis of human populations is similar to the analysis of other animal populations with overlapping generations.
