ABSTRACT
The individual creative description is part of the general process which creates conventions and institutions, through which the meanings that are valued by the community are shared and made active. This is the true significance of our modern definition of culture, which insists on this community of process. Such tensions within journalism were largely precipitated by World War I, as the war challenged existing relationships among individual reporters, the institutions of journalism, and the public. In critiquing the rise of advertising and publicity, they also offer a critique of journalism as an institution that is in keeping with Habermas’s dissatisfaction with a public sphere increasingly beholden to market forces and private gain rather than public ideals. Rather, incorporating journalistic features and references is central to the experimental forms of these works and, more significantly, to the way they help create a broader forum for debates about culture and the boundaries of national communities.
