ABSTRACT
This chapter relates particular phenomena, which occur within the array of extractivisms, to their broad existential impacts. The argument is that different types of extractivisms have different impacts, especially in terms of what they extinguish, and to which forms of life and existences they provide space. Extractivist expansions lead to major reshufflings of existences. This is true especially for deforesting frontiers, such as the expansion of vast monoculture plantations on top of forests. This leads to major extinctions especially at the sites of extraction and also beyond the discreet location of the extraction. Mining of different types also has different types of existential impacts, e.g., illegal gold mining can lead to mercury-caused deaths and disease-ridden lives among humans and other species even in distant regions that are connected by waterways. Brazilian monoculture plantation expansions, with their major existential and genocidal impacts, are discussed through the example of the colonization of the Panará Indigenous people's forests in Mato Grosso by Southern Brazilians. This chapter offers four key questions for the study of existences, and a differentiation of distinct forms and degrees of extractivisms, which can be applied in more detailed future studies.
