ABSTRACT
This chapter takes a deep dive into some of the cultural and social forces influencing Hong Kong identity and education beyond nationalism and Mainlandisation. The first part of the chapter considers the roles of globalisation, decolonisation, and cosmopolitanism in the distinct cultural, social, and political context of Hong Kong and begins to explore these as forces in curricula. The second section of the chapter zooms in on the micro level, exploring multiculturalism, the related concept of interculturalism, and their relevance to Hong Kong society and education. It argues that both multicultural and intercultural approaches to difference have roles to play in Hong Kong, considering the educational and social challenges impacting ethnic and religious minorities and new arrivals from Mainland China.
